Leather has its own elegance when it exhibits its texture, even more is the color tone and shade which brings in its richness and beauty. Though leather dying is done pretty much at a latter stage a lot of importance is given to it.Its not just that all dyes are leather dyes, these have a special affinity to leather and also possess definite properties. Lets have a brief of all the processes involved before and after dyeing .
1.Curing - A process to stop deterioration of hide as a recently skinned animal hide starts decomposing in just 5 hrs. Sun drying, freezing, salting, wet salting or use of chemicals are few of the methods curing is done.
2.Soaking - The hides are immersed in water for long hours or even days so as to make it pliable as they are mostly stiff after curing.
3.Painting - A term that indicates the process of removing hair from the skin using sulphide.
4.Liming - Removal of hair from the hide using alkali is the aim of liming though there are other purposes as well.
5.Fleshing - A machine removes flesh which may be sticking. It also in this process that the hide is stripped into two layers, the outer part is of higher quality while the inner layer is of lower quality.
6. De-Liming - The hide is gradually brought from alkalinity to neutral.
7.Bating - Enzymes are let to act upon, as a result of which the hide is flat and pliable.
8.Pickling - In this process the hide is treated with week acid and salt solution to achieve a weak acidic state provided tanning is done quiet soon. If they are to be stored they are treated with strong pickling solution.
9. De-greasing - Excess grease is removed using a mild solvent or water.
10.Tanning - Minerals , Oils and plant extracts are used to bring out either soft or firm leather during the process of tanning
11.Splitting - using a machine, the hide is split into two layers and the layer with out grain is used to make suede or artificial grain is imparted.
12.Shaving - The surface with grain is further sliced to get the desired thickness.
13.Neutralization - Chemicals from the previous chemical processes is removed and tanning material may be added to bring out a specific texture to the leather.
14.Dyeing - It is at this stage that the hide looks close to the commercial leather. Colours like black, brown etc.
15. Fatliquoring - Lubrication of leather is done in this step so as to make it flexible else it would dry out an become hard.
16. Samming - Removal of water from leather prepares it for production this is achieved through several machines.
17.Setting out - The leather is stretched and smoothened out which brings down the moisture content further.
18.Final Drying - The purpose of this step is to bring down the moisture content to below 20%
19.Staking and Dry Drumming - Massaging of the leather is carried out in a staking machine which makes it flexible and soft.
20.Buffing and Brushing - buffing is to give a soft feel and brushing is done to remove the dust collected during buffing.
21. Finishing - even colour, defect removal,gloss correction and addition of water resistant surface, all take place in this step.
22.Final grading - Features such as thickness, softness, uniformity,feel and texture are all graded. Defects are made note of. This is the final step before going for measuring.
23.Measurement - Based on the area leather is sold. Mechanized measuring is accurate.
All the chemicals needed for the process is supplied by leather chemicals supplier in India and more so by Pon Pure Chemicals. Specially in dyeing,high performance black dyes , homogenous acid black dye and several other colors are available which are low in salt, Neutral,greenish and reddish . There are several classes of dyes for coloring leather ,choose the one that best suites your leather and the need. All the different types of Synthans and Fatliquors are available, discuss with our dyeing expert and get the most suited one for you.
Very few leather chemicals manufacturers are into manufacturing the entire range of leather processing chemicals and we at Pon Pure Chemicals are into leather wet end processing chemicals,Dyes and Finishing Chemicals. Our products have REACH compliance and RSL free compliance.For all your needs we are just a click away.
Comments
Post a Comment